Coloroid aktuális

A Color Research and Applicationben 2007-től folyamatosan megjelenés alatt
a Coloroidra épülő színharmónia kísérletek leírásai:

  Experimental determination of laws of color harmony  Part 1

Harmony content of different scales with similar hue

Antal Nemcsics

 Abstract: In 1956 we came to the decision at the Budapest Technical University to start large scale experiments on color harmony. The experiments and the processing of the experimental results have been completed in 2006, after 50 years of research work. Within the frame of the experiments 95 thousand participants have carried out more than 36 million elementary observations and made elementary decisions. Only certain parts of the experimental results have been published up to now. This paper starts publishing the results not published yet. Research work on color harmony carried out during these fifty years can be categorized into seven main groups. The present paper deals with the group of experiments testing how much the harmony content of the scales found in different locations in various positions of the axial sections of the Coloroid color system differ from each other. Our experiments were focused to three groups: We examined the variations in the extent of harmony content in the following cases i) scales carried by lines with different angles to the grey axis, consisting of colors having the same number of harmony intervals between them, ii) scales consisting of colors being parallel to the gray axis, featuring various saturations, having different harmony intervals between them, and iii) scales perpendicular to the gray axis, with different luminosity, having different harmony intervals between each other. The examined color scales contained 6 colors in each experiment.  Experiments were carried out for 24 different axial sections of the Coloroid color system. After fifteen years interruption experiments were repeated however, with compositions of different appearances.

Experimental determination of laws of color harmony  Part 2

Harmony content of different monochrome color pairs

Antal Nemcsics

 Abstract: In 1956 we came to the decision at the Budapest Technical University to start large scale experiments on color harmony. The experiments and the processing of the experimental results have been completed in 2006, after 50 years of research work. The focal point of the experiments published in the current paper has been the practical experience that the span of intervals between saturations and brightnesses of the compositions influence the harmony content of the composition namely they determine in what extent we perceive the color composition as a harmonic one.  Within the framework of experiments compositions have been shown to the participants, first those consisting of color pairs featuring  the same hues and saturations but different brightnesses then those consisting of the same hues and brightnesses but different saturations. The method of experiments consisted of comparisons in pairs. There were 780 compositions prepared for the tests.  The number of elementary observations during the tests comprised 544 000.  It has been established that the variation of harmony content as a function of brightness- and saturation-intervals could be described by a harmony function.  It has been established that the variation of harmony content depending on brightness-intervals is not, but that of depending on saturation intervals is being influenced by the hues of colors of the color pair in the composition. It has been established that in case of compositions with the maximum harmony content the interval of brightnesses of the colors making the color pair in each case gives d30V (d9Y), the interval of saturations gives d30T or is near to it.  

Experimental determination of laws of color harmony Part 3

Harmony content of different hue pairs

Antal Nemcsics

  Abstract: In 1956 we have decided at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics to start large-scale experiments on color harmony. The experiments and the processing of the experimental data have been completed in 2006. The experiments described in present article were based on a long established experience, that harmony content of different hue pairs greatly differ from each other. The vast majority of former research activities, on the subject of color harmonyt, narrowed down mostly to investigations of saturated color pairs. Color samples of our experiments have been defined within the color space of the Coloroid color system, built on harmony thresholds. The compositions, prepared for the experiments, always consisted of two saturated hues and three low saturation colors of each hue at varying brightnesses, making it a total of eight colors. Within the framework of the experiments, 48 hues were used. Out of these, each of the 24 was formed into composition pairs with the remaining 48 hues, forming a total of 852 compositions. The method of experiments has been the comparison of pairs. The experiments conducted with the use of the compositions, prepared by collage technique. Color samples made of painted paper, between 1980 and 1985, have been repeated between 2002 and 2006 with the same color selection but with computer generated pseudo random patch system compositions. It has been established that harmony content of hue pairs can be expressed by the relative angle of their hue planes in the Coloroid color space. The harmony content of hue pairs exceeds that of other pairs, when this angle is below 10 degrees, between 30 and 40 degrees, between 130 and 140 degrees or near to 180 degrees. Those color pairs of which hue planes are between 60 and 90 degrees to each other in Coloroid color space, exhibit the least harmony content.Keywords: color harmony, color composition, color science, color theory, Coloroid Color System, experiments on color harmony, theory of color harmony.  

Experimental determination of the laws of color harmony. Part 4

Color preference and the color harmony content

Antal Nemcsics

  

Abstract: In 1956 we decided at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics to start a large scale experiments on color harmony. The experiments and the processing of the experimental results have been completed in 2006. These experiments, described in present article, form a study of how much are people, participating in the experiment, influenced by their own personal colour preference in judging the harmony content of a composition. These experiments have utilized the results of former (1958-1969) color preference experiments and the system of color preference indexes, which were developed by the generalization of those results. Within the framework of these experiments, conducted between 1998 and 2006 there were 24 compositions, shown  to the participants, at first one by one, then in pairs and at last in groups of six.  They had to assess the harmony content of the compositions and award a score on a scale between 0 and 10.  Each composition possessed a specific amount of harmony content according to the rules of color space, based on the Coloroid harmony threshold and verified by former experiments. In these experiments the number of elementary observations were  135,568. The people participating in the experiment were approximately equal number of men and women, from the age group between 10 and 70 years. During processing, by using the color preference numerical indexing system, we compared the results of those experiments with the color preference of a similar age group, by using color compositions, identical to the ones used in the present experiment.  We have found, that the sensation of the colour harmomony and its intensity have a strong relation to how the observers relate to colours and also their colour preferences. The sensation of color harmony is also influenced by the gender and the age of the observer.

Keywords: color harmony, color composition, color science, color theory, Coloroid Color System, color preference, color preference index number system.